Год выпуска: 2020
Количество страниц: 1 с.
Количество страниц: 9 с.
- Краеведение. Археология. География. Биографии. История > Общие вопросы. География как наука. Географические исследования,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Общая геология . Метеорология. Климатология. Историческая геология. Стратиграфия. Палеогеография,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > КРАЕВЕДЕНИЕ. ГЕОГРАФИЯ. БИОГРАФИИ. ИСТОРИЯ > Общие вопросы. География как наука. Географические исследования,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Общая биология. Антропология. Вирусология. Микробиология.
The article provides an assessment of the stability of permafrost landscapes by two criteria: temperature and ice content of ground. The methods of assessing the stability of landscapes are presented: the Parmuzin scale, developed by him during the zoning of the north of Western Siberia by the potential possibility of thermokarst development and the Grave principle, on the basis of which a map scheme of the Yakut ASSR was previously compiled by the degree of surface sensitivity to technogenic impacts. Using the two presented methods of Parmuzin and Grave, based on the Permafrost-landscape map of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) on a scale of 1: 1,500,000, as well as maps of ground temperature of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the depth of the layer of annual fluctuations and ice content of surface deposits, landscape stability maps were compiled, the territory of Yakutia was divided into zones according to the degree of resistance to technogenic impacts. On the map compiled according to the Parmuzin method, landscapes according to the degree of resistance to technogenic impacts are differentiated into four gradations: unstable, relatively unstable, relatively stable and stable. Thus, according to this method, unstable landscapes occupy the smallest area of the study territory and are distributed mainly in the region with insular and discontinuous distribution of permafrost. Landscapes of the Central Yakut Plain, Prilenskoye Plateau and other lowlands with continuous permafrost distribution are characterized as relatively unstable. Relatively stable landscapes occupy the predominant part of Yakutia. Landscapes of mountainous regions are characterized as stable. According to the Grave method, landscapes on the map are divided into three gradations: relatively unstable, relatively stable and stable. According to the above-mentioned method, the territory of Central Yakutia, located in the area of highly icy soils and coastal arctic zones, is characterized as relatively unstable. The rest of the territory is assessed as relatively stable and stable.
Калиничева, С. В.
Оценка устойчивости мерзлотных ландшафтов Восточной Сибири (на примере Якутии) / С. В. Калиничева ; Институт мерзлотоведения им. П. И. Мельникова СО РАН // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле" - 2024. - N 3 (35). - C. 51-59. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-3-51-59
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-3-51-59
Количество страниц: 9 с.
The redistribution of solar radiation in the geographical envelope plays an important climate-forming role. The radiation reflected by the Earth’s surface (albedo) is a component of the Earth’s radiation balance. The albedo of the Earth’s surface depends primarily on the angle of incidence of sunlight, the color of the underlying surface, and its roughness relative to the incident rays. It also depends on the degree of specularity, so the water surface reflects the rays falling on it almost mirror-like, almost regardless of the presence of ripples or waves on it. The article examines the dependence of albedo, the surface of the soil not covered with vegetation, on these factors. Taking into account the known regression dependence of the albedo of the earth’s soil surface on the roughness index or the standard deviation of the height of the measured points on the Earth’s surface, the problem of achieving maximum information content of the measurements of the roughness of the Earth’s surface is formulated and solved, and the optimal dependence of the zenith angle of the Sun on the time interval between two consecutive time points of roughness measurements is revealed. The inlfuence of the zenith angle of the Sun on the conducted albedometric measurements is investigated. Based on the well-known fact that the albedo of the Earth’s surface in the range of the zenith angle of the Sun θ = 10° - 60° increases almost linearly depending on it. The values of the zenith angle of the Sun obtained in this way are called the most informative zenith angles in the sense of ensuring maximum informative measurement of the earth’s surface, and the albedo values corresponding to these zenith angles are the optimal albedo values at which optimal (maximally informative) roughness measurements can be carried out in the zenith angle range of 10° - 60°.
Вопросы дистанционного измерения альбедо почвы при помощи летательных аппаратов по траектории полета / А. Дж. Алиева, М. Г. Ашрафов, Ю. Г. Данилов, А. А. Мельникова ; Национальное Аэрокосмическое Агентство Азербайджана, СВФУ им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле" - 2024. - N 3 (35). - C. 29-37. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-3-29-37
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-3-29-37
Год выпуска: 2022
Год выпуска: 2023
Количество страниц: 6 с.
In the middle of the XX century a small ravine emerged on the Yana Plateau in the Batagaika River valey. It began to grow rapidly and by now has turned into a huge thermokarst depression, which is now called the Batagai Crater. Its emergence was favored by a combination of factors, both natural and anthropogenic origin
Мурзин, Юрий Андреевич.
Батагайский провал = The Batagay Crater / Ю. А. Мурзин, кандидат биологических наук С. Е. Федоров ; Институт мерлотоведения им. П. И. Мельникова СО РАН, Музей мамонта НИИ прикладной экологии Севера Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова // Природа. - 2023. - N 3, март. - С. 58-63. Рез. также англ. - Библиогр.: с. 62-63 (15 назв.). - References: p. 62-63 (15 titles).
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Northern Yakutia is characterized by continuous permafrost with a thickness of 300-400 m or more with temperatures from -6 to -10°C. The occurrence of permafrost affects the rates of thermal erosion and thermal abrasion of river banks. Many investigators believe that permafrost inhibits fluvial erosion, while others think it has an enhancing effect. Our investigations along the lower reaches of the Indigirka, Adycha, and Kolyma rivers have shown that the effect of permafrost varies depending on site specific conditions. The highest rate of thermal erosion (60 m/year) was observed in the Lower Indigirka region. This was promoted by the high ice content of the yedoma deposits, the presence of a talik beneath the channel, as well as the great water depth sand strong currents. Bank recession along the meandering Adycha River, the Yana River tributary, occurs at rates of less than 1 m/year. The low rates of bank erosion can be explained by the low thickness of loose deposits (up to 3-5 m), which lay on the channel pebbles and generally remains above the low' and medium'water levels. Also, the coastal cliff deposits consisting of silty sand with a massive cryostructure and thin ice veins turned to berelatively resistant to erosion
Мурзин, Юрий Андреевич.
Реки на севере Якутии: от чего зависит разрушение мерзлых берегов = Rivers in the North of Yakutia: what Determines the Destruction of the Frozen Banks / Ю. А. Мурзин ; Институт мерзлотоведения имени П. И. Мельникова СО РАН. - (Гляциология и криология Земли) // Природа. - 2022. - N 4. - С. 38-45. Библиогр.: с. 44-45 (11 назв.).
DOI: 10.7868/S0032874X22040044
Количество страниц: 7 с.
Northern Yakutia is characterized by continuous permafrost with a thickness of 300-400 m or more with temperatures from -6 to -10°C. The occurrence of permafrost affects the rates of thermal erosion and thermal abrasion of river banks. Many investigators believe that permafrost inhibits fluvial erosion, while others think it has an enhancing effect. Our investigations along the lower reaches of the Indigirka, Adycha, and Kolyma rivers have shown that the effect of permafrost varies depending on site specific conditions. The highest rate of thermal erosion (60 m/year) was observed in the Lower Indigirka region. This was promoted by the high ice content of the yedoma deposits, the presence of a talik beneath the channel, as well as the great water depth sand strong currents. Bank recession along the meandering Adycha River, the Yana River tributary, occurs at rates of less than 1 m/year. The low rates of bank erosion can be explained by the low thickness of loose deposits (up to 3-5 m), which lay on the channel pebbles and generally remains above the low' and medium'water levels. Also, the coastal cliff deposits consisting of silty sand with a massive cryostructure and thin ice veins turned to berelatively resistant to erosion
Мурзин, Юрий Андреевич.
Реки на севере Якутии: от чего зависит разрушение мерзлых берегов = Rivers in the North of Yakutia: what Determines the Destruction of the Frozen Banks / Ю. А. Мурзин ; Институт мерзлотоведения имени П. И. Мельникова СО РАН. - (Гляциология и криология Земли) // Природа. - 2022. - N 4. - С. 38-45. Библиогр.: с. 44-45 (11 назв.).
DOI: 10.7868/S0032874X22040044